We all know Florida weather can turn fast. Let’s talk about!

A Hibiscus spp flower, known for its poor cold tolerance, Credit Edwin Gutierrez-Rodriguez, UF/IFAS

As I write this, with temperatures at 52°F, I pray that all growers and nurseries are not adversely affected by the harsh cold weather. It may be a bit late in the season, but we know that the weather is beyond our control. This sudden temperature drop may have caused some plant damage that is still not evident. Leaves and young trees are hit the hardest as they are particularly sensitive. Each plant responds to cold differently, with factors such as age, health, growth stage, and location in the yard all playing a significant role. Older plants tend to withstand cold temperatures better than weaker or newly grown growth.

Understanding the Risks

Cold damage varies by plant type. Cold damage varies by plant type. In Florida, some plants can be harmed by temperatures above freezing. Tolerant varieties handle the cold better but need to be gradually acclimated. Key factors include::

Age: Older, established plants have deeper roots and more resilience.
Nutrition Status: Healthy, well-fed plants tolerate cold and recover faster, but avoid fertilizing now to prevent tender new growth.
Development Stage: Plants in active growth, such as those in the flowering or budding stage, are more susceptible to damage.
Phenology: The plant’s seasonal cycle matters; dormant plants fare better than those pushed out of dormancy by warm spells. Other influences, such as wind, microclimates (e.g., low spots where cold air pools), and soil moisture, also play a role.https://extension.illinois.edu/blogs/good-growing/2025-01-24-how-does-cold-weather-affect-garden-plants

Quick Steps to Shield Them

Water Thoroughly: Moisten the soil around plants before the cold hits. Damp soil holds and radiates heat more effectively, helping to keep roots warmer. However, avoid overwatering in poorly drained areas to prevent root rot.
Check Nutrition: If plants show nutrient deficiencies, a light application of potassium-rich fertilizer can help without stimulating new growth. Healthy nutrition boosts overall cold tolerance.
Bring Indoors: Move potted or tender plants to a garage, porch, or inside your home to fully protect them.
Cover Up: Use frost cloths, bedsheets, or blankets to drape over plants, ensuring they reach the ground to capture soil heat and protect the plants from frost. Anchor them against the wind, and avoid plastic touching leaves to prevent burns. For extra warmth, consider adding a low-wattage bulb underneath (safely positioned away from the fabric).
Mulch Roots: Add a layer of mulch around the base to insulate roots and retain soil warmth. Building organic matter in soils may play a crucial role in protecting plants.

Watch After the Drop: Check plants on the day after freezing or low temperatures. Water if needed. Spot brown leaves or droop / signs of hurt.

After the Cold Night: Monitoring and Recovery

Once the temperatures rise, don’t rush to uncover everything. Check the forecast first. Then, keep watering as needed to help plants rehydrate, especially if the ground was frozen or dry winds caused desiccation. Monitor for signs of damage, such as browned leaves or wilted stems—it may take days or weeks to appear. If injury appears, wait until spring to prune, scraping bark to check for green cambium (alive tissue) before cutting.

Plants COULD recover with time and care.

Questions? Hit up your local extension office. For more details, check UF/IFAS EDIS publications on cold protection or contact your local extension office. Stay warm and keep growing!