Some plants have a number of uses across a broad spectrum – Bahia grass as an example where it is used both in pastures and as a landscape turf. Another crossover plant in the same vein is the turf alternative called perennial peanuts. But why would anyone want to plant peanuts in their landscape? I’m not suggesting that you plant regular peanuts as a landscape groundcover alternative to turf, but rather perennial peanuts which feature butter-yellow blossoms and bright green leaves – a unique and colorful. While perennial peanuts have historically been used as a forage crop and hay, they are now well-adapted for landscape plantings in place of or to supplement turf areas. Perennial peanuts are drought-tolerant, require minimal fertilizer and provide seasonal color. These perennials also work well in urban areas such as may be found with road medians, berms, and canal banks. Did you know that the perennial peanut has been in Florida since1936? Do they have a place in your yard?
The word “perennial” is key when we talk about perennial peanuts. As such, “perennial” means that they last year-after-year and spread. No nuts are produced as are found in the famous annual peanut. Instead, the perennial peanut produces rhizomes (underground stems) and roots that help it survive during dry periods – perfect for our area. As it is a legume and has an association with nitrogen-fixing bacteria, fertilizer needs are low. It can be established with potted plants, rhizome segments or as sod pieces. While winter is the best time to begin a planting, preparation is best started months before. A weed-free planting bed is a must to start.
Perennial peanuts are well-adapted to our relatively poor, sandy soils and can in fact fix nitrogen from the air in association with specialized bacteria. Best in full sun, a cultivar often encountered is ‘Ecoturf’ – known for a low-growing and free-flowering nature. Available potted, as cut sod or in rolled mats, perennial peanuts are best established with some initial irrigation. Plant container grown plants about eighteen inches apart. Perennial peanut sod strips of no smaller than ten inches wide spaced twelve to eighteen inches apart can also be used. Plugs cut from sod into squares can be planted up to eighteen inches from center to center in a staggered pattern. As nitrogen (N) is obtained from associated bacteria, this nutrient does not need to be supplemented. Phosphorus (P) is also already present in the soil in sufficient quantities. Fertilizer containing potassium (K) and magnesium-sulfate can be applied as per label instructions. Edging will help keep this rhizome-producing plant within bounds. Mowing is not necessary, but will keep the planting looking neat, and encourage a thick and flower-filled groundcover. Mowing at four inches once a month will also help with weed control. Perennial peanut does not really like to be walked on too much, so provide steppingstones to guide foot traffic through the planting.
Perennial peanuts will tend to cost more to establish than say St. Augustine turf to start. One study suggests that – in consideration of maintenance issues thereafter – including fertilization, water, mowing and pesticide – perennial peanuts cost less per year than St. Augustine grass with lower mowing costs being the most significant reduced cost. Bottom-line, perennial peanuts are a good choice as an alternative groundcover/turf alternative for low maintenance areas of your landscape. Check local garden centers and sod farms for perennial peanut planting material. Perennial peanuts are Florida-Friendly Landscaping™ approved plants that you will love! For more information on all types of groundcovers suitable for our area, or to ask a question, please visit https://www.facebook.com/CharlotteCountyExtension. You can also call the Master Gardener Volunteer Helpdesk on Mondays, Wednesdays, and Fridays from 1 to 4 pm at 764-4340 for gardening help and insight into their role as an Extension volunteer. Ralph E. Mitchell is the Director/Horticulture Agent for UF/IFAS Extension Charlotte County. He can be reached at 941-764-4344 or ralph.mitchell@charlottecountyfl.gov. Connect with us on social media. Like us on Facebook @CharlotteCountyExtension and follow us on Instagram @ifascharco.
Resources:
Rouse, R. E., Miavitz, E. M. & Roka, F. M. (2013) Guide to Using Rhizomal Perennial Peanut in the Urban Landscape. The University of Florida Extension Service, IFAS.
UF/IFAS Gardening Solutions (2026) Perennial Peanut. The University of Florida Extension Service, IFAS.
The Florida-Friendly Landscaping™ Guide to Plant Selection & Landscape Design (2022) The University of Florida Extension Services, IFAS.
Landre, C. (2026) Perennial Peanut. South-Florida-Plant-Guide.com.
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